For more than forty years, string theory has been able to impact in the development of several fields of mathematics. K- theory, algebraic and differential geometry, topology, infinite dimensional analysis, representation theory and derived categories, to mention a few, have been profoundly influenced by “stringy” ideas such as mirror symmetry, conformal field theory, D-branes and quantum cohomology. The main goal of this CIMPA Research School is to provide an introduction to many of these mathematical subjects as well as some background on string theory.